568 - Physics Questions Answers

a sonometer wire supports a 4kg load and vibrates in fundamental mode with a tuning fork of frequency 416 Hz. the length of the wire between the bridges is now doubled. in order to maintain fundamental mode the load should be changed to

Asked By: HIMANSHU MITTAL
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Joshi sir comment

for sonometer wire 

in fundamental mode l = λ/2 = v/2f       here l, λ and f are length , wavelength and frequency respectively

now v = √(T/µ)      here T and µ are tension and mass per unit length

so finally we will get l = √(T/µ)/2f

make two equations by using this formula and given conditions

in the two equations f and µ will be same

in a stationery wave, there is no energy current, but there is energy density. (TRUE/FALSE)

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TRUE

at STP, the speed of sound in hydrogen is 1324ms‾¹ then the spped of sound in air (at STP) is

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Joshi sir comment

formula for speed of sound is v = √(γRT/M)

you have to form two equations for the two mediums, for both the mediums γ will be same because Hydrogen and Air both are diatomic gases, T will also be same for both the cases are taken in STP, only M will be different

a person is standing between two vertical walls. he heard the echo of his sound after t = 1s and t = 1.5s. distance between walls is (speed of sound in air = 340ms‾¹

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Joshi sir comment

time taken by the sound to reach upto the first wall = 0.5 sec

similarly time taken by the sound to reach upto the second wall = 0.75

so total time = 1.25 sec. so distance between the walls = 340 * 1.25 = 425

which of the following is minimum audible wavelength at room temperature?

(1) 20mm

(2) 20cm

(3)20m

(4) 20km

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Joshi sir comment

maximum audible frequency = 20000 Hz

Velocity of sound = 340 m/s

so minimum audible wavelength = 340/20000 m = 34000/20000 cm = 340/20 mm = 17 mm approx 20 mm

two identical conducting rods are first connected independently to  two vessels, one containing water at 100°C and the other containing ice at 0°C. In the second case, the rods are joined end to end connected to the same vessels. Let M1 and M2 g/s be the rate of melting of ice in the two cases respectively, the ratio M1/M2 is

(1) 1:2

(2) 2:1

(3) 4:1

(4) 1:4

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Joshi sir comment

in first case rods are taken in parellel so net length and area will be l and 2A with conductivity coefficient K

similarly in second case rods are taken in series so net length and area will be 2l and A with conductivity coefficient K

now use H = KA(θ1- θ2)/L and  H = dQ/dt = mL/t     L is latent heat which is fixed in both the cases

Three discs A,B and C having radii 2m, 4m and 6m respectively are coated with carbon black on their outer surfaces. the wavelenghts corresponding to maximum intensity are 300 nm, 400nm and 500 nm respectively. if the power radiated by them are Qa, Qb and Qc respectively then

(1) Qa is maximum

(2) Qb is maximum

(3) Qc is maximum

(4) Qa= Qb = Qc

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Joshi sir comment

according to Wein's displacement law λT = constant

so ratio of temperatures of the three discs will be 1/3:1/4:1/5 = 20:15:12

and ratio of area of the discs = 1:4:9

now according to Stephan's law Q α  A * T4

so ratio Qa:Qb:Qc = 1*(20)4 : 4*(15)4 : 9*(12)4

on solving we will get that Qis maximum 

 

A bullet of mass 1 gm moving with a speed of 20m/s hits an ice block of mass 990 gm kept on a frictionless floor and gets tuck in it. the amount of ice that melts, if 50% of the lost kinetic energy goes to ice will be

(1) 0.030 g

(2) 0.30 g

(3) 0.0003 g

(4) 3.0 g

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Joshi sir comment

amount of energy given by bullet = 0.5 (1/2) m v2 / 4.2 cal.

and amount of energy received by the ice block = ML   here L is latent heat and M is mass of ice melted

on comparing we will get  m v2/(4*4.2) = M*80 or M = 1*400/16.8*80 = 5/16.8 = 0.30 gm 

a metallic sphere having inner radius a and outer radius b has thermal conductivity k = ko(k not)/r² (a ≤ r ≤ b). the thermal resistance between inner and outer surface for radiant heat flow is 

Asked By: HIMANSHU MITTAL
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Joshi sir comment

consider a sphere of radius r and thickness dr 

formula used is H = KAdT/L so dT/H = L/KA or R = L/KA,  dT/H is thermal resistance

thermal resistance of layer of thickness dr is dr/K4πr2, on putting the value of K we get

 dR = r2dr/4πr2k0

or dR = dr/4πk0

now integrate within the proper limits

Assuming the sun to be aspherical body of radius R at a temperature of T K, evaluate the total radiant power incident on earth, at a distance r from the sun. Take radius of earth as Ro(R not)

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Joshi sir comment

Total radiant power given by the sun = σAT4 = 4πR2σT4

amount received on the surface of earth = (πR02/4πr2)*4πR2σT4

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